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Cisco CCNA / CCNP Home Labs: Developing Troubleshooting Skills
CCNA / CCNP candidates are going to be drilled by Cisco when it
comes to troubleshooting questions. You're going to have to be
able to analyze configurations to see what the problem is (and
if there is a problem in the first place), determine the...
How To Obtain Free Advertising For Your Online Business
The beauty of the Internet is that it allows you to run a business with very little money. The secret is knowing which of the available free resources are worth your time! Register with Search Engines Submitting your online business to search...
Network Wiring Standards
There are two wiring standards for network cabling. T568A and T568B are the two standards for the RJ-45 or 8-position modular connector, permitted under the TIA/EIA-568-A wiring standards document. The only difference between T568A and T568B (also...
Photo Plus 2005
The Photo Plus Expo 2005 is sure to draw digital enthusiasts as once again new products are showcased and innovative technologies are demonstrated. This is an ideal venue for seasoned professionals and amateurs as well to discover new breakthroughs...
WiFi Range: What are the Limits?
Because of the fact that the WiFi networking standard uses very
high frequency (2.4 GHz) radio signals to transmit data, its
access range is usually quite limited. How limited, of course,
depends on the type of WiFi hardware being used.
A...
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Internetworking Overview
Internetworking:
Internetworking involves connecting two or more computer
network with some sort of routing device to exchange traffic
back and froth, and to guide traffic on the correct path across
the complete network to their destination . Connecting together
two or more networks with bridges sometimes inaccurately refer
to as internetworking ,but the resulting system is a single
subnetwork ,and users require no internetworking protocol, such
as IP,to traverse it. Briefly, I will present :Network Layers,
Tunneling technique .-which are misunderstood terms in computer
network-
Network layers:
1.physical layer (Repeaters & Hubs): They just move the bit from
one network to an identical network. these are mostly analog
devices and do not understand any thing about digital
protocols(regenerate singles)
2.Data link layer (Bridges & switches): They accept frames
,examine MAC addresses and forward the frames to different
networks ,doing minor protocol translation.
3.Network Layer (Routers): They can connect two networks and do
packet translation ,but translation is increasingly rare.
4.Transport Layer(Transport Gateways): They can interface
between two transport connection
.For example ,allow packets to
flow between a TCP network and SAN network.
5.Application Layer (Application Gateways): They translate
message semantics for the data being moved, such as parsing and
changing header fields between an Internet e-mail and X.400
e-mail.
How Network Differ?
Networks can differ in many ways: 1.They may differ in their
Physical layer :by having different modulation technologies.
2.they may differ in their data link layer by: having different
frame format. 3.they may differ in their network layer by:
having different internetworking protocols.
Networks can be connected by different devices according to the
level of connection.
Tunneling: Tunneling is a technique used for passing information
between two networks of the same type of network, but there is a
different network in between. When the router gets the frame, it
pulls the IP packet out of the frame and drops it into the
payload field of anther frame to send across the WAN. this is
undone at the other end ,allowing the data to be received on the
other end.-More about Tunneling later-
To Be Cont .. T. M . Harahsheh
About the author:
Jordan
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